Her publicist, Michelle Bega, said the cause was complications of diabetes.
Marshall became the first woman to direct a feature film that grossed more than $100 million when she made “Big” (1988). That movie, a comedy about a 12-year-old boy who magically turns into an adult (Tom Hanks), was as popular with critics as with audiences. Hanks received his first Oscar nomination for his performance.
Four years later she repeated her box-office success with “A League of Their Own,” a sentimentally spunky comedy about a wartime women’s baseball league with an ensemble cast that included Madonna, Geena Davis, Rosie O’Donnell and Hanks.
In between, she directed “Awakenings” (1990), a medical drama starring Robert De Niro and Robin Williams. “Awakenings,” based on a book by Oliver Sacks, was only moderately successful financially, but De Niro received an Academy Award nomination.
A writer for Cosmopolitan magazine once commented that Marshall “got into directing the ‘easy’ way — by becoming a television superstar first.” That was a reference to her seven seasons (1976-83) as Laverne DeFazio, the brasher (yet possibly more vulnerable) of two young roommates on the hit ABC comedy series “Laverne & Shirley,” set in 1950s and ‘60s Milwaukee.
In Hollywood, Marshall had a reputation for instinctive directing, which could mean endless retakes. But she was also known for treating filmmaking as a team effort rather than a dictatorship.
“I have my own way of functioning,” she told The New York Times Magazine in 1992. “My personality is, I whine. It’s how I feel inside. I guess it’s how I use being female, too. I touch a lot to get my way and say, ‘Pleeease, do it over here.’ So it can be an advantage — the anti-director.”
Carole Penny Marshall was born on Oct. 15, 1942, in the Bronx, New York, and grew up there. Her father, Anthony, was an industrial filmmaker, and her mother, Marjorie (Ward) Marshall, taught dance. The family name had been changed from Masciarelli.
Marshall attended the University of New Mexico. There she met and married Michael Henry, a college football player. They had a daughter, but the marriage lasted only two years, and Marshall headed for California, where her older brother, Garry, had become a successful comedy writer.
She made her film debut in “The Savage Seven,” a 1968 biker-gang drama, and had a small part the same year in “How Sweet It Is!,” a romantic comedy starring Debbie Reynolds and James Garner.
Marshall got her big break in 1971, when she was cast in the recurring part of Jack Klugman’s gloomy secretary, Myrna Turner, on the ABC sitcom “The Odd Couple.” That same year she married Rob Reiner, who was then a star of the hit series “All in the Family.” He adopted her daughter, but they divorced in 1979.
Marshall’s two films after “A League of Their Own” — “Renaissance Man” (1994) and "The Preacher’s Wife” (1996) — were not as well received. “Riding in Cars With Boys” (2001), starring Drew Barrymore, was the last film Marshall directed. Her final screen appearance was on the new version of “The Odd Couple,” in a November 2016 episode.
Information on her survivors was not immediately available.
This article originally appeared in The New York Times.